Study of the Meaning of the Word “Shahr” in the Holy Qur’an

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 PhD student of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Arak University

2 Department of Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Theology and Islamic Studies Allameh Tabataba'i University

3 Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Arak University

Abstract

The word “Shahr” is an important word in the calendar system of the Qur'an. As the main element of the Qur’an, words have a special place within its text. Therefore, studying and analyzing the meaning of Qur’anic words is a necessary method of understanding and correct interpretation of verses. This article aims to investigate the meaning of the word shahr in the Qur'an based on a descriptive-analytical method; Explaining the literal and idiomatic meaning, the application of this word in the Qur'an are as follows: the time to do or leave a certain task, measurement tool for valuing a specific phenomenon, one of the main bases of the calendar, and expressing God's genesis law in the number of months of the year. Some of the examples of shahr in the Qur'an are specific, meaning the crescent moon. In the cases where there is no specific example, it means the crescent moon in the customary and literal sense, which in order to observe caution and make calculations easier in custom, it is also used to mean a numerical month (30 days). Since God has based the guidance and development of humans on time, at the end of some of the discussed verses, God speaks about the piety and the need to pay attention to Divine limits, such as observing the limits of certain months and their rules.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

واکاوی معنای واژه «شهر» در قرآن کریم

Authors [Persian]

  • صدیقه خرمی 1
  • ابراهیم ابراهیمی 2
  • فاطمه دسترنج 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم قرآن و حدیث دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه اراک، ایران.
2 ستاد گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه علوم قرآن و حدیث، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه اراک، ایران.
Abstract [Persian]

واژه «شهر» یکی از مهمترین واژه‌ها در نظام تقویمی قرآن است. واژه ها به عنوان عنصر اصلی کتاب قرآن جایگاه ویژه‌ای در آن دارند؛ لذا واکاوی معنای واژگان قرآنی از مهمترین روش‌های فهم و تفسیر صحیح آیات قرآن است. این مقاله با روش توصیفی-تحلیلی درصدد بررسی معنای واژه «شهر» در قرآن برآمده است؛ لذا پس از تبیین معنای لغوی و اصطلاحی، موارد کاربرد این واژه در قرآن عبارتند از: ظرف زمان برای انجام یا ترک کار خاص؛ ابزار اندازه‌گیری با هدف ارزش گذاری پدیده‌ای خاص؛ یکی از ارکان اصلی تقویم؛ بیان قانون تکوینی خداوند در تعداد ماه‌های سال. در موارد نام برده شده، برخی از مصادیق «شهر» در قرآن مشخص و به معنای ماه هلالی است و در مواردی که مصداق معینی ندارد، در ظاهر عرفی و لغوی به معنای ماه هلالی است که به جهت رعایت احتیاط و محاسبه آسان‌تر در عرف، به معنای ماه عددی (30روزه) نیز به کار رفته است. از آنجا که خداوند هدایت و رشد انسان‌ها را وابسته به زمان قرار داده است؛ در پایان برخی از آیات مورد بحث، از تقوا و لزوم توجه به حدود الهی مانند رعایت حدود برخی ماه‌ها و احکام آن، سخن گفته شده است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • معنا
  • «شهر»
  • قرآن کریم
  • ماه

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Quran and Religious Enlightenment
Volume 4, Issue 2 - Serial Number 8
January 2024
Pages 41-58

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History

  • Receive Date: 14 December 2022
  • Accept Date: 24 April 2023

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