The Conflict Between the Criminalization Rules of the Anti-Narcotics Law and Quranic Teachings

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 PhD in Jurisprudence and Criminal Law, Theology College, University of Meybod, Meybod, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of the Department of Jurisprudenc and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran

Abstract

In the Anti-Narcotics Law approved in 2016, the legislator has made punishment as the governing criminal policy for drug crimes by determining heavy punishments such as death. The text of the anti-narcotics law has considered "corruption in the world" and "quantitativeness" as criteria for criminalization. In this regard, the question that is raised is: On what basis are the rules of "corruption in the land" and "quantitativeness" established in the anti-narcotics law? By considering the verses and traditions, it can be understood that even if drug crimes are considered as an example of corruption in the world, in order to establish the crime of corruption, qualitative criteria such as the extent of the committed act, major damage to individuals and society, and the continuation of it, are The basic elements are introduced. While the legislator is trying to interpret and clear the ambiguity of the mentioned qualitative criteria by placing the quantity of discovered drugs as the basis. In this writing, using the descriptive-analytical method and relying on reliable Islamic sources, the conclusion has been reached that in order to determine the crime of corruption, qualitative criteria and the extent of the impact that corruption has on individuals and society are considered. Quantitative approach has no Sharia and Quranic basis and contradicts the philosophy of independent criminalization of corruption on earth, which is to eliminate the root of corruption and corruption in society and maintain social order.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

تعارض ضوابط جرم انگاری قانون مبارزه با مواد مخدر با آموزه های قرآنی

Authors [Persian]

  • ریحانه زارع ده آبادی 1
  • حمید روستائی صدرآبادی 2
1 دکترای فقه و حقوق جزا، دانشکده الهیات، دانشگاه میبد، میبد، ایران
2 استادیارگروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی،دانشکده الهیات،دانشگاه میبد، میبد، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

قانون گذار در قانون مبارزه با مواد مخدر مصوب 1396، با تعیین نمودن مجازات های سنگینی چون اعدام، کیفر را به عنوان سیاست جنایی حاکم بر جرایم مواد مخدر قرار داده است. نص قانون مبارزه با مواد مخدر، «افساد فی الارض» و «کمیت گرایی» را به عنوان ضوابط جرم انگاری مفروض دانسته است. در همین راستا، سوالی که مطرح می شود این است که: براساس چه مبنایی ضابطه «افساد فی الارض» و «کمیت گرایی» در قانون مبارزه با مواد مخدر مقرر شده است؟ با تدبر در آیات و روایات می توان دریافت که حتی اگر جرایم مواد مخدر، مصداق افساد فی الارض دانسته شود، برای احراز نمودن جرم افساد، معیارهای کیفی چون گستردگی عمل ارتکابی، ورود خسارت عمده به افراد و جامعه و استمرار در انجام آن، از ارکان اساسی معرفی می شود. در حالی که قانون گذار با مبنا قرار دادن کمیت مواد مخدر مکشوفه، در صدد تفسیر و رفع ابهام از معیارهای کیفی مذکور می باشد. در این نگارش با استفاده از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و با تکیه بر منابع معتبر اسلامی، این نتیجه حاصل شده است که برای احراز جرم افساد، ملاک های کیفی و میزان تأثیری که آن فساد بر روی افراد و جامعه می گذارد، مورد توجه می باشد و رویکرد کمیت گرایی مبنای شرعی و قرآنی ندارد و با فلسفه جرم انگاری مستقل افساد فی الارض که همان از بین بردن ریشه فساد و تباهی در جامعه و حفظ نظام اجتماعی است، منافات دارد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • افساد فی الارض
  • کمیت گرایی
  • قانون مبارزه با مواد مخدر
  • آموزه های قرآنی

References

The Holy Qur’an.
Ālousī, Seyed Mahmoud (1415 AH). Rūh al-Ma'ānī fī Tafsī al-Qur’an al-‘Azīm, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmīyah.
Ardabilī, Ahmad bin Mohammad (nd). Zubadat Al-Bayān, Qom: Al-Mortazawī School.
Bagheri, Ibrahim (2018). "Thematics of Moharebeh and Corruption on the Earth in Islamic Jurisprudence and Laws", Pāsukh Journal, Center for Studies and Answering Doubts, 15 and 16: pp. 58-21
Faid Kāshānī, Mulla Mohsen (1415 AH). Tafsīr al-Sāfī, Tehran: Sadr Publications.
Farāhīdī, Khalil bin Ahmad (1414 AH). Kitāb al-‘Ain, Tehran: Osweh.
Fazel Lankarani, Muhammad (1422 AH). Tafsīl al-Sharī'a, Qom: Jurisprudential Center of Imams (AS).
Fīrouzābādī, Muhammad bin Yaqub (1420 AH). Al-Qāmūs al-Muhīt, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Ghazālī, Abu Hamed (1417 AH). Al-Mustasfā, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmīya.
Golpayegani, Seyyed Mohammadreza (1412 AH). Al-Durr al-Manzoud fī Ahkām al-Hudūd, Qom: Dar al-Qur'an al-Karim.
Habibzadeh, Mohammad Ja'far (2017). "Evaluating the possibility of sentencing corruption in the world to a smuggler of goods and currency from a jurisprudential point of view", The Hidden Economy Journal, Headquarters for Combating Trafficking in Goods and Currency, 6(7): pp. 197-149.
Haji Dehabadi, Ahmad (2014). "Reference for determining the issue of law with an emphasis on participation in murder", Shiraz University Legal Studies Journal, 7(1).
Halabī, Abu Saleh (1403 AH). Al-Kāfī fī Fiqh, Isfahan: Amirul Mo’minin School Publication.
Hurr Āmilī, Muhammad bin Al-Hassan (1409 AH). Wasā’il al-Shī'a, Qom: Āl al-Bayt Institute.
Ibn Qutaiba, Abdullah bin Muslim (nd). Gharīb al-Qur'an, Beirut: Al-Hilal School.
Jafari, Mohammad Taqi (1989). Translation and Commentary of Nahj al-Balaghah, Np: Islamic Culture Publications.
Khomeini, Seyyed Ruhollah (2000). Kitāb al-Bay', Qom: Imam Khomeini Editing and Publishing Institute.
Kulainī, Mohammad Bin Yaqub (1984). Al-Kāfī, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyah, second edition.
Majlisī, Mohammad Baqir (1403 AH). Bihār Al-Anwār, Beirut: Dar 'Ihyā’ al-Turāth.
Makarem Shirazi, Nasser, The message of Imam Amirul Mo’mineen, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmīya, First Edition.
Mar'ashī Najafī, Sayed Shahabuddin (1415 AH). Al-Qisās, Qom: Mar'ashi Library.
Mo’min, Mohammad (2012). "Study of the punishment of muhārib and corrupters on the earth," Ahl al-Bayt Qom Jurisprudence Journal, Ayatollah Seyyed Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi, 35: pp. 62-3.
Mo’min, Muhammad (1415 AH). Kalimātun Sadīdah fī Masā’il Jadīda, Qom: Al-Nashar al-Islami Publishing House
Najafī Abrandabadī, Ali Hossein (1994). Discussions in Criminal Science (criminology course lectures). Prepared and arranged by: Fateme Qanad.
Najafi, Mohammad Hassan (1404 AH). Jawāhir al-Kalam, Tehran: Al-Maktabat al-Islamiya, Sixth edition.
Qaraati, Mohsen (2004). Noor Commentary, Tehran: Cultural Center of Lessons from the Qur’an, 11th edition.
Ragheb Esfahani, Abulqasem Hossein bin Muhammad (1322 AH). Al-Mufardāt fī Gharīb Alfāz al-Qur’an, Tehran: Al-Maktabah al-Mortazawiyah.
Sadouq, Muhammad bin Ali (1404 AH). Al-Faqīh, Qom: Society of Teachers, Second ed.
Tabarī, Abu Ja'afar Muhammad bin Jarīr (1419 AH). Jami' al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qur'an, Beirut: Dar al-Ma'rafa.
Tabataba’ei, Sayed Ali (1404 AH). Rīyād al-Masā’il, Qom: Āl al-Bayt Institute.
Tabataba’ei, Sayed Mohammad Hossein (1995). Al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur'an, Qom: The Islamic Publishing House of the Seminary Teachers' Society, fifth edition.
Tabrisī, Fazl bin Hassan (1993). Majma' al-Bayān, Tehran: Nasser Khosrow.
Tūsī, Muhammad bin Hassan (1986). Al-Tahdhīb, 
Quran and Religious Enlightenment
Volume 4, Issue 1 - Serial Number 7
August 2023
Pages 163-180

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 15 March 2023
  • Revise Date: 21 March 2023
  • Accept Date: 18 April 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics