Investigating Principles of Conversation between Jesus (PBUH) and Apostles in the Qur’an, Based on Paul Grice's Theory

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 Master student of Arabic language and literature, Khwarazmi University, Karaj

2 Associate Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Kharazmi University

Abstract

Cognitive linguistics is an approach in the study of language that examines the relationship between his language and mind and his social and physical experiences. Cognitive Linguistics is one of the interdisciplinary sciences whose purpose is reflection and precision in the mechanism of the relationship between the structure and the constituent elements of a text in order to better understand the process of completing the meaning and the concept hidden in it. Herbert Paul Grice is one of the linguistic analytical philosophers that according to this point of view, has conducted detailed and extensive studies on conversations and linguistic actions and their indirect and implicit meaning in everyday language, which has become known as Grice's cooperative principle. Conversation is one of the constructive elements of every narrative text that plays a central role in transferring the meaning. Grice sees conversation as a purposeful and rational behavior and it is a type of cooperation-based interaction that has its own logic. According to his theory, every successful dialogue is based on observing the 4 principles of cooperation (quantity, quality, communication and method) and if any deviation from one or more of the four principles is based on a certain relationship and purpose, it leads to the necessity of communication and if this goal is not provided departing from these principles will lead to the failure of dialogue. Therefore, in this research, some of the conversations between Jesus and the apostles in the Holy Qur'an have been analyzed, based on the theory of Grice's rules in a descriptive and analytical method in order to answer the question of how the cooperative principle is used and violated and what effect these violations have on the meaning and purpose of speaker. The results show that the dialogues of Jesus and the apostles in the Holy Qur'an violate the 4th principle of cooperation. The 3rd principle is most evident that the words of Jesus and the apostles have the quantity of 3 times in the Holy Qur'an and 2 other principles namely the principle of communication and the principle of method have a harmonious participation in the dialogue of the apostles and Jesus.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

بررسی اصول گفتگوی حضرت عیسی علیه السلام وحواریون در قرآن براساس نظریه پل گرایس

Authors [Persian]

  • اکرم سادات محمودی 1
  • علی اسودی 2
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زبان وادبیات عرب دانشگاه خوارزمی .کرج
2 دانشیار رشته ادبیات عرب دانشگاه خوارزمی کرج
Abstract [Persian]

چکیده:

زبان شناسی شناختی رویکردی در مطالعه زبان است که به بررسی رابطه میان زبان وذهن او و تجارب اجتماعی وفیزیکی او می پردازد . زبان شناسی یکی از دانش های میان رشته ای است که هدف آن تامل ودقت در ساز وکار رابطه ساختار وعناصر سازنده یک متن برای درک بهتر چگونگی روند تکمیل معنای نهفته در آن است . هربرت پل گرایس یکی از فیلسوفان تحلیلی زبان شناختی است که متناسب با این دیدگاه ودرباره مکالمات وکنش های زبانی ومعنای غیر مستقیم وانها در زبان روزمره مطالعات دقیق وگسترده ای انجام داده که به عنوان اصول همکاری گرایس معروف شده است .گرایس مکالمه را رفتاری هدفمند وعقلانی وآنرا نوعی تعامل مبتنی بر همکاری میداند که منطق خاص خودرا دارد .

مطابق نظریه وی هر گفتگوی موفقی مبتنی بر رعایت 4 اصل همکاری (کمیت ،کیفیت،ارتباط وشیوه )می باشد وهرگونه عدول وخروج از یکی یا چند اصل از اصول چهارگانه چنانچه مبنی بر قرینه وغرض مشخصی باشد منجر به استلزام ارتباطی میگردد واگر این غایت فراهم نگردد خروج از این اصول ،گفت وگو به شکست منتهی میشود

توصیفی تحلیلی بررسی شده دراین پژوهش برخی مکالمه های حضرت عیسی وحواریون در قران کریم براساس نظریه قواعد گرایس به روش

نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نشان می دهد مکالمه های حضرت عیسی وحواریون در قران کریم ازقاعده4 اصل همکاری تخطی صورت گرفته 3اصل بیش از همه مشهود است که کمیت 3باردرمکالمه های حضرت عیسی وحواریون در قران کریم ودواصل دیگراصل ارتباط وروش سهمی هماهنگ در گفت وگوی حواریون وحضرت عیسی دارند

Keywords [Persian]

  • زبان شناسی شناختی
  • اصول تعاون
  • معنای ثانوی
  • حواریون وحضرت عیسی (ع)
  • پل گرایس

References

The Holy Qur’an (1418 AH) [translated by Mohammad Mehdi Fouladvand,] Tehran, Dar al-Qur’an al-Karim.
Agha Golzadeh, Ferdous (2006). Analysis of Critical Discourse. Vol. 1, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publications.
Allam, Ker (2015). Semiotics of Theater and Drama, [translated by Farzan Sojodi,] 5th ed., Tehran: Qatreh Publishing.
Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar (1998). Dictionary, 2nd ed. vol. 10, Tehran: Tehran University Press.
Eko, Umberto (2004). Metaphor, the Basis of Thinking and a Tool for Creating Beauty [by Farhad Sassani,] Tehran: Sureh Mehr.
Grice, H. P (1975). "Logic and Conversation". Syntax and Semantics, vol.3, Speech Acts. Eds, Peter Cole and Jerry L. Morgan, New York, San Francisco and London: Academic Press.
Grice, H. P. (1975). Utterer's Meaning, Sentence Meaning and Word Meaning in Foundations of Language, International Journal of Language and Philosophy, vol. 4, D. Reidel Publishing Company: Dordrech-Holland.
Herman, Vimala (1995). Dramatic Discourse: Dialogue as Interaction in plays, London and New York: Routledge.
Hosseini Dashti, Syed Mustafa (2006). Ma'aref and Ma'arif, 10 vols, Tehran: Erae Cultural Publishing House.
Kāshānī, Fathullāh (nd). Tafsīr al-Sādiqain, 10 vols, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiya.
Leech, Geoffrey (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London: Longman.
Levinson, S.C. (1983). Pragmatics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lines, John (2012). An Introduction to the Semantics of Language [translated by Kourosh Safavi,] vol. 1, Tehran: Elmi.
Mahdavi-Rad, Mohammad Ali; Jabari Amir Attaullah; Beheshti, Narges (2013). "Qur’anic writings in the eyes of Mohammad Abed Al-Jabari," Qur’anic Teachings, Spring and Summer, 15: 73-100.
Marmaridou, Sophia S. A (2000). Pragmatic Meaning and Cognition, Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
McCarrick, Irena Rima (2006). Encyclopaedia of Contemporary Literary Theories [translated by Mehran Mohajer and Mohammad Nabavi,] 2nd ed., Tehran: Agah Publishing.
Mir-Sadeghi, Jamal (2007). Fiction Literature (story, romance, short story, novel). vol. 5. Tehran: Sokhan Publishing.
Mousavi Hamedani, Seyyed Mohammad Baqir (1995). Translation of Tafsīr al-Mīzān, vol. 11, 5th ed., Tehran: Islamic Publications of Qom Seminary Society of Teachers.
Omid, Hassan (1984). Dictionary, 6th ed., Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing.
Qa'eminia, Alireza (2010). Biology of Semiotic Text and Qur'anic Interpretation, Tehran: Islamic Culture and Art Research Organization.
Ragheb Esfahānī, Hossein bin Muhammad (1412 AH). Mufradāt, Beirut: Dar al-Shāmīya.
Roshan, Belqays and Ardabili, Leila (2012). An Introduction to Cognitive Semantics, Tehran: Neshar Elm.
Safavi, Kurosh (2012). Applied Semantics, 2nd ed., Tehran: Hamshahri Publications.
Saidi, Gholamabas (2013). Linguistic Study of the Appropriateness of Verses Based on the Principle of Grice's Cooperation, Qur’anic Teachings of the University of Islamic Sciences, Tehran: Imam Sadiq University Publications.
Tabrisī, Fadl bin Hassan (1993). Majma' al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qur'an, Tehran: Nasser Khosrov.
Tūsī, Mohammad Bin Hassan, Al-Tibyān fī Tafsīr al-Qur'an, 10 vols. Beirut: Dar 'Ihyā’ al-Turāth al-Arabī.
Zamakhsharī, Mahmoud (1419 AH). Tafsīr Kashāf, 3rd ed. Lebanon, Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi.
Quran and Religious Enlightenment
Volume 4, Issue 1 - Serial Number 7
August 2023
Pages 121-132

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 20 January 2023
  • Revise Date: 21 February 2023
  • Accept Date: 18 April 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics