A Comparative Study of Divine Knowledge in the Qur'an and the Old Testament

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of University of Yasooj

2 PhD in Qur'anic and Hadith Sciences and Lecturer in the Department of Islamic Studies, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Irann

Abstract

The most holy nature of God is described in the Holy Qur'an with many attributes of glory and beauty, all of which indicate the exaltation of God's dignity and His purity from the attributes of imperfection and deficiency. Some of these attributes are also found in the text of the today text of Torah. Believing in the heavenly nature of the Jewish religion, there should not be any difference regarding the mention of divine names and attributes in these religions. This research, which is aimed at the comparative study of the attribute of divine knowledge in the Holy Qur’an and Torah (Old Testament) and the descriptive-analytical method based on library and documentary information, tries to explain the common and different theological points of Islam and Judaism to present the attributes that refer to divine knowledge in these two great Abrahamic religions. Findings show that although the principle of monotheism is common between Islam and Judaism, its difference in Islam is the negation of human attributes from the divine essence. Unlike the Qur'an, which considers the knowledge of God Almighty as unlimited, the Torah deals with the divine knowledge as Human science accompanied by limitations, with the feature of regret arising from the deficiency in knowledge and.... Also, in the Torah, the oral traditions of the Jews, many of these attributes are mentioned with other words.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

بررسی تطبیقی علم الهی در قرآن و عهد قدیم

Authors [Persian]

  • ابوالحسن مومن نژاد 1
  • فرج تلاشان 2
1 استادیار دانشگاه یاسوج
2 دکتری تخصصی(phd)علوم قرآن و حدیث و مدرس گروه معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

ذات اقدس پروردگار در قرآن کریم با صفات جلال و جمال فراوانی توصیف شده که همگی حاکی از علوّ شأن و تنزّه خداوند از صفات نقص و کاستی است و پاره ای از این صفات در متن تورات حاضر نیز آمده است.با باور به آسمانی بودن دین یهود نباید اختلاف و تفاوتی از جهت ذکر اسماء و صفات الهی در این ادیان باشد. پژوهش حاضر که با هدف بررسی تطبیقی صفت علم الهی در قرآن کریم و تورات(عهد قدیم) و روش توصیفی -تحلیلی بر پایه اطلاعات کتابخانه ای و اسنادی فراهم آمده،در تلاش است تا با تبیین نقاط مشترک و متفاوت الهیّاتی اسلام و یهود، تصویری از صفاتی که به علم الهی اشاره دارد،در این دو دین بزرگ ابراهیمی ارائه نماید. یافته های تحقیق نشان می دهد هر چند اصل توحید میان اسلام و یهودیت مشترک است اما وجه افتراق آن در اسلام نفی صفات بشری از ذات اقدس الهی است.برخلاف قرآن که در پرداختن به صفات جلالیه، علم خداوند سبحان را نامحدود می‌داند،در تورات علم الهی به سان علم انسان و همراه با محدودیت، با ویژگی پشیمانی برخاسته از نقص در دانش و.....آمده است. همچنین در تورات، سنّت شفاهی یهود بسیاری از این صفات با عبارت دیگری مورد اشاره قرار گرفته اند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • قرآن
  • تورات
  • علم الهی
  • عهدین
  • اسلام و یهود

References

 The Holy Qur’an.
Nahj al-Balagha.
The Holy Book (Old and New Testaments).
‘Abd al-Bāqī, Muhammad Fouad (1364 AH). Al-Mu'jam al-Mufahras, Cairo: Dar al-Kutub.
Abdkhodaei, Mohammad Hadi (2012). “Divine knowledge and the educational role of believing in it,” Mishkat, number 119.
Fayūmī, Ahmed bin Muhammad Moqrī (nd). Al-Misbāh al-Munīr fī Gharīb al-Sharh al-Kabīr [by Rafi’i] Qom: Dar al-Radi’s Publications, first edition.
Gha’eminia, Alireza (2012). Cognitive Semantics of the Qur’an, Tehran: Research Institute of Islamic Culture and Thought.
Hawkes, James (1928). Dictionary of the Bible, Beirut: np.
Hosseini Hamedanī, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein (1404 AH). Anwār Derakhshān, Tehran: Lotfi Bookstore.
Ibn Abdullah Askarī, Hassan (1412 AH). Al-Furooq al-Lughawīyah, [Research: Sheikh Baitullah Bayāt, and Al-Nashar al-Islami Institute,] Qom: Al-Nashar al-Islami Institute, affiliated to the Jami'a al-Madrasin, first edition.
Ibn Bābiwayh, Muhammad bin Ali (1398 AH). Al-Tawhīd, [researcher/corrector: Hosseini, Hashim,] Qom: Jami'a Modaresin, first edition.
Jadīd al-Islam, Ali Qolī (2003). Translation, Explanation and Criticism of the Creation Chapter of the Torah, [by the efforts of Rasul Jafarian,] Qom: Ansarian, second edition.
Javadi Amoli, Abdullah (2004). Monotheism in the Qur'an, Qom: Esra’ Publishing.
Kalbasi Ashtari, Hossein (2004). Genealogy of the Holy Bible, Tehran: Islamic Culture and Thought Research Institute Publishing Organization.
Khademi, ‘Ainullah; Ahesteh, Mahmoud (2016). “A comparative study of Avicenna's and Khajah Nasīr Tūsī's views on the issue of Divine Knowledge,” History of Philosophy 7(4).
Kohn, Rab A., (1971). A Treasure of Talmud, [translated by Amir Fereidun Gorgani,] Tehran: Ziba Printing House.
Makarem Shirazi, Nasser (1995). Tafsir Nemooneh, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya, first edition.
Qorashi Bunabi, Ali Akbar (1992). Qur’an Dictionary, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya, 6th edition.
Qorashi, Seyyed Ali Akbar (1982). Qur’an Dictionary, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiya.
Rāghib Isfahānī, Hossein bin Muhammad (1412 AH). Al-Mufardāt fī Gharīb al-Qur'an, [research by Safwān Adnān Dāwood,] Beirut: Dar al-Hilm al-Dār al-Shāmīya.
Salem, Maryam (2016). “Re-reading the theory of Suwar Murtasama in divine science from Avicenna’s point of view,” Āyīn-e Ma'rafet, number 47.
Tabātabā’ī, Mohammad Hossein (1981 AD). Commentary on Asfār, Qom: Al-Maktabat Al-Mustafawīyah.
Tabātabā’ī, Mohammad Hossein (nd). Nihāyat al-Hikma, Qom, Al-Nashar al-Islami Institute affiliated to Teachers Association.
Tabātabā’ī, Sayed Mohammad Hossein (1991). Principles of Philosophy and the Method of Realism, Tehran: Sadra Publications, second edition.
Tabātabā’ī, Sayed Mohammad Hossein (2008). Bidāyat al-Hikma, Qom: Boostan-e Kitāb Institute.
Tabātabā’ī, Sayed Muhammad Hossein (1417 AH). Al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur'an, Qom: Islamic Publications Office of Teachers Association, fifth edition.
Tabrisī, Fazl bin Hassan (1998). Tafsir Jāmi' al-Jawāmi', Tehran: Tehran University Publications and Qom Seminary Management.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 27 December 2022
  • Revise Date: 07 April 2023
  • Accept Date: 14 May 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics