عروج عیسوی در بوته نقد ترجمه های انگلیسی معاصر قرآن کریم با تکیه بر مسأله چندمعنایی؛مورد پژوهانه:آیه 55 آل‌عمران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه الهیات و معارف اسلامی(علوم قرآن و حدیث) دانشکده ادبیات و زبان های خارجه دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران.

2 استادیار دانشگاه علوم و معارف قرآن کریم، قم، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری گروه الهیات و معارف اسلامی(علوم قرآن و حدیث) دانشکده ادبیات و زبان های خارجه دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران.

چکیده

پدیده‌ی چندمعنایی(Polysemy) از پدیده‌‌‌های اجتناب ناپذیر در ترجمه بینازبانی است. رابطه هم‌نشینی در پدیده‌ی هم‌نشینی از مفاهیم کلیدی این پدیده است و این تصویر سبب گردیده است بسیاری از پژوهشگران مطالعات اسلامی آن را گونه‌ای از وجوه و نظائر در قرآن تلقی نمایند. کلمه«توفّی» در عبارت«إِنِّی مُتَوَفِّیکَ وَ رافِعُکَ إِلَیَّ» آیه 55 سوره آل عمران وجوهی از قبیل مرگ، خواب، اخذ کامل، قبض روح و... را دربرمی‌گیرد. ترجمه این فراز از آیه در ترجمه بینازبانی از زبان عربی به زبان انگلیسی باعث چالش هایی در برآورد نزدیکترین و دقیق ترین هم ارز برای آن در ترجمه های معاصر قرآن کریم شده است. در نوشتار پیش‌رو ضمن احصای ده ترجمه از ترجمه‌های معاصر انگلیسی قرآن کریم به روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و با رویکردی به آرای مفسران چنین برمی‌آید که ترجمه شاکر به نسبت دیگر ترجمه‌ها فضای روشن‌تری از آیه را انعکاس می‌دهد؛ دیگر ترجمه‌ها نظیر ایروینگ، پیکتال و سرور به ترجمه‌ای آزاد از آیه روی نموده‌اند و ترجمه‌های مترجمانی همچون صفارزاده، قرائی، مسلمانان‌مترقی و آربری تعهد خود را به الفاظ آیه حفظ نموده و ترجمه‌ای تحت‌الفظی از آیه را بازنمایی نموده‌اند. همچنین ترجمه محمد و سمیرا ضمن تصویری از مرگ حضرت عیسی(ع)، حقیقت ماجرای اعجازبرانگیز آیه را وارونه نموده‌اند.

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