Quiddity and the Place of Beautiful Patience: Rereading the Story of Ya’qub

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Author

Professor, Department of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences, Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Beautiful patience is one of the moral concepts in the culture and teachings of the Qur'an. This concept indicates a degree and level of self-control. Much has been said about the patience of Ya’qub, who twice reminded himself of the beautiful patience and seeking it. The question is what is beautiful patience He is asking for it? Is beautiful patience not an expression of perseverance and endurance of hardships, specially at the level of the prophets? In response to questions and critiques of commentators, there are two opposing theories: one says that his work was not against beautiful patience and the other says that we must accept that Prophet Ya’qub’s reaction, in parting with his lost child, was accompanied by manifestations of impatience that do not correspond to beautiful patience. The pattern of "Beautiful Patience" in the Qur'an should be sought in the prophets’ tolerance such as Abraham, Ayyūb and the last Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Therefore, the report of his patience in the Qur'an is not a confirmation of this method of patience and a model of a perfect patience. For in the explicit expression of the Qur'an, the believers have been invited to the manner of patience and the behavior of the ʿUlu al-ʿAzm prophets. So, is the patience of Prophet Ya'qub (PBUH) may be evaluated in this regard? How is the expression of such manner? This article, after explaining the meaning of patience in the words and sayings of the commentators, narrators, opinions and evidences, explains these two statements by interpreting the verses of Surah Yusuf and expressing subtle points. It then deals with judging and criticizing the second opinion and what can be learned from this story.
 
Keywords: Patience, Prophets as Role Model, Ya’qub, Moral Concepts, Self-Control Skills.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

چیستی و جایگاه صبر جمیل: نگاهی دو باره به داستان یعقوب

Author [Persian]

  • سید محمد علی ایازی
استاد گروه علوم قرآن و حدیث دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

صبر جمیل یکی از مفاهیم اخلاقی در فرهنگ و معارف قرآن است. این مفهوم بیانگر مرتبه و درجه‌ای از خویشتن‌داری است. این پرسش مطرح است که صبر جمیل چیست که او درخواست آن را دارد، مگر صبر جمیل اظهار استقامت و پایداری و تحمل سختی‌‌ها نیست، آن هم در سطح پیامبران. در پاسخ به سئوال و اشکال میان مفسران دو نظریه در برابر هم نشسته است: یک نظر می‌گوید کار او برخلاف صبر جمیل نبود و نظر دیگر می‌گوید: باید بپذیریم که حضرت یعقوب در فراق فرزند گم‌شده‌اش، با مظاهری از ناشکیبایی همراه بوده است که با صبر جمیل همخوانی نشان نمی‌دهد. الگوی «صبر جمیل» را در قرآن باید در چگونگی بردباری پیامبرانی چون ابراهیم، ایوب و پیامبر خاتم جستجو کرد. ازاین‌رو گزارش صبر ایشان در قرآن به‌منزلۀ تأیید این شیوه از صبوری و ارائۀ الگوی تمام‌نمای صبر جمیل نیست؛ چراکه در بیان صریح قرآن، مؤمنان در شیوۀ صبر به رفتار پیامبران صاحب ارادۀ محکم (اولو العزم) دعوت شده‌اند که صبر حضرت یعقوب ع در مورد یادشده را نمی‌توان منطبق با آن ارزیابی کرد. این نوشته پس از تبیینی از معنای صبر در لغت و اقوال مفسران و روایات و نظر و ادله این دو قول را با تفسیری از آیات سوره یوسف و بیان نکات لطیف شرح می‌دهد و به داوری و نقد نظربه دوم می‌پردازد و آنچه که میتوان از این داستان الگو گرفت را بیان میکند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • مراتب صبر
  • صبر جمیل
  • الگوبودن پیامبران
  • مفاهیم اخلاقی
  • مهارت خویشتن‌داری

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History

  • Receive Date: 24 April 2022
  • Revise Date: 28 May 2022
  • Accept Date: 28 May 2022

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