Critique of the Views of the Shiite and Sunni Commentators on Verse “And the Earth will Shine through Its Lord’s Light” (Zumar/69)

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 PhD Candidate of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences, Islamic Religions University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Qur’an and Hadith Sciences Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences Islamic Schools University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Most (manifestation) of the light of God's holy essence goes back to the Day of Judgment. Verse Zumar/69 refers to the word "Ashraqat" and the radiance of the feeling of God's presence on the Day of Resurrection and likens it to the rising of the sun from the east of the earth and its illumination with this light. The commentators of the sects have expressed different views on it, including, "Removing the veils, establishing the truth and proof, justice, illuminating the earth with the light of the believer's face, the resurrection of the Imam, the light of God, etc." The beginning and the end of the verse are accompanied by the proof of justice and the denial of oppression. Different classes of commentators, narrators, theologians, philosophers, and mystics have contented themselves with the interpretation of a verse, or interpretation, and some with the literal meaning of the phrase, but have not reached a single statement about it. However, the mentioned verse is one of the verses with different readings, or one of the verses that the commentators of the two sects have looked at from a special angle and view. The revelation of the monopoly of God's lordship over all human beings, for which there is an evidence and none of the commentators have expressed this view, as well as the removal of the veils and the revelation of the truths of things in the resurrection which some commentators have chosen it. The two preferred aspects of this article are that an attempt has been made to obtain a view close to what God intends from the mentioned phrase by citing the context of verses and narrations. For this purpose, the two views have been expressed through documentary, interpretive and descriptive-analytical methods, while criticizing the opinions of commentators and presenting contextual and narrative documents.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

نقد و بررسی دیدگاه مفسران فریقین در آیه «و اشرقت الارض بنور ربها»

Authors [Persian]

  • سیداحسن حسینی 1
  • داود معماری 2
  • عاطفه زرسازان خراسانی 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم قرآن و حدیث دانشگاه مذاهب اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه علوم قرآن و حدیث دانشکده علوم و تحقیقات اسلامی دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی قزوین، قزوین، ایران
3 استادیار، دانشکده علوم قرآن و حدیث، دانشگاه مذاهب اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
Abstract [Persian]

آیه69/ زمر به واژه "اَشرَقَت" و درخشش احساس حضور خداوند در قیامت اشاره و آن را تشبیه به طلوع خورشید از مشرق زمین و روشن شدن آن با این نور می نماید. مفسران فریقین دیدگاه های متفاوتی درباره آن بیان کرده اند، از جمله، "کنار رفتن حجاب ها، برپایی حق و برهان، عدل، روشن شدن زمین با نور چهره مؤمن، قیام امام، نور خداوند و ... ". ابتدا و خاتمه آیه هم، با اثبات عدالت و نفی ظلم همراه است. طبقات مختلفی از مفسران فریقین، محدّثان، متکلمان، فیلسوفان و عرفا، به تأویل آیه، یا تفسیر و برخی به معنای لغوی عبارت بسنده کرده اند، اما به بیان واحدی درباره آن نرسیده اند. با این وصف آیه مذکور جزء آیات دارای اختلاف قرائات، یا ازجمله آیاتی که مفسران فریقین از زاویه و دید خاص به آن نگریسته؛ نمی باشد. آشکار شدن انحصار ربوبیت خداوند بر تمام انسانها، که شواهدی دال بر آن وجود دارد و هیچکدام از مفسران این دیدگاه را بیان نکرده اند و نیز کنار رفتن پرده ها و حجابها و آشکار شدن حقایق امور در رستاخیز که برخی از مفسران آن را گزینش کرده اند، دو وجه ارجح این نوشتار است که سعی شده با استناد به سیاق آیات و روایات، دیدگاه نزدیک به مراد خداوند از عبارت مذکور به دست آید.

Keywords [Persian]

  • آیه 69 سوره زمر
  • شواهد قرآنی
  • شواهد روایی
  • ربوبیت خداوند
  • آشکار شدن حقایق

References

The Holy Qur’an, English Translation by Pickthall.
Ālūsī, Mahmoud Ibn Abdullah (1415 AH), Rūh al-Ma'ānī fī Tafsīr al-Qur'an al-'Azeem wa al-Sab'a al-Mathānī, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmīyah.
Eshkevari, Mohammad Ibn Ali (1994), Tafsir Sharif Lāhījī, Tehran: Dad Publication Office.
Musavi al-Gharīfī, Muhy al-Din (1406 AH), Qawā'id al-Hadith, Beirut: Dar al-Adwā’.
Ibn Āshūr, Muhammad Tahir (1420 AH), Tafsir al-Tahrir wal-Tanwīr Known as Tafsir Ibn Āshūr, Beirut: Institute of Arab History.
Ibn Arabi, Muhammad ibn Ali (nd), Al-Futūhāt al-Makkīyah, Beirut: Dar Sader.
Ibn Arabi, Muhammad ibn Ali (1041 AH), Mercy of the Most Merciful in the Interpretation and Signs of the Qur'an, Damascus: Nadr Press.
Ibn Kathir, Ismail Ibn Umar (1419 AH), Tafsir Al-Qur’an Al-Azeem, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyah.
Ibn Faris, Ahmad (1404 AH), Mu'jam Maqāyīs al-Lughah, Qom: Al-Alami Library.
Ibn Manzoor, Muhammad ibn Mukrim (1414 AH), Lisān al-Arab, Beirut: Dar Sadr.
Beizāwī, Abdullah Ibn Umar (1418 AH), Anwār Al-Tanzīl wa Asrār Al-Ta’wīl (Tafsir Al-Baydāwī), Beirut: Dar 'Ihyā’ Al-Turāth Al-Arabi.
Tha'ālabī, Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad (1418 AH), Tafsir al-Tha'ālabī, Beirut: Dar 'Ihyā’ Al-Turāth Al-Arabi.
Jawharī, Ismail Ibn Hammād (1997 AH), Al-Sihāh, Beirut: Dar al-‘Ilm lil-Malāyīn.
Hosseini Hamedani, Muhammad (1404 AH), Shining Lights in the interpretation of the Qur’an, Tehran: Lotfi.
Khosravani, Ali Reza (1390 AH), The Commentary of Khosravi, Tehran: Islamic Bookstore.
Diniwarī, Abdullah ibn Muhammad (1424 AH), Al-Wadhih Fi Tafsir Al-Qur’an Al-Karim, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Islamiyya.
Rāghib Isfahānī, Hussein Ibn Muhammad (1412 AH), Al-Mufradāt fī Alfād al-Qur’an, Beirut: Dar al-Shāmīyah.
Zubaydī, Morteza (1414 AH), Tāj Al-‘Arūs, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Zamakhsharī, Mahmoud Ibn Umar (1407 AH), Al-Kashāf, Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabiya.
Samarqandī, Nasr Ibn Muhammad (1416 AH), Tafsir al-Samarqandī al-Musammā Bahr al-‘Ulūm, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Suyūtī, Ahmad Ibn Abi Bakr (1392 AH), Tadrīb al-Rawī fī Sharh Taqrīb al-Nawawī, Medina: Al-Maktabat al-‘Ilmīyah.
Shah Abdol'azīmī, Hossein (1984), Tafsīr 'Ithnā 'Asharī, Tehran: Miqat.
Shubbar, Abdullah (1407 AH), Al-Jawhar al-Thamīnfī Tafsīr al-Kitāb al-Mubīn, Kuwait, Sherkat Maktabat Alfayn.
Biannual Journal Quran and Religious Enlightenment, VOl.2, NO.2 119
Tabātabā’ī, Muhammad Hussein (1390 AH), Al-Mizan Fi Tafsir Al-Qur’an, Beirut: Scientific Institute for Publications.
Tabrisī, Fadl Ibn Hassan (1993), Majma' al-Bayan li ‘Ulūm al-Qur’an, Tehran: Nasser Khosrow.
Tabarī, Ibn Jarīr (1412 AH), Jāmi' al-Bayān, Beirut: Dar al-Ma'rifah.
Turayhī, Fakhreddin (1996), Majma' al-Bayan, Tehran: Mortazavi Bookstore.
Tayyib, Abdul Hussein (1990), Atyab al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an, Tehran: Islam.
Farāhīdī, Khalil (1410 AH), Al-‘Ayn, Qom: Hijrat Publications.
Fayūmī, Ahmad (nd), Misbāh Al-Munīr, np.
Qurashī, Ali Akbar (1992), Qur’an Dictionary, Tehran: Islamic Books House.
Qurtubī, Muhammad Ibn Ahmad (1995), Al-Jāme li Ahkam Al-Qur’an, Tehran: Nasser Khosrow.
Qumī, Ali Ibn Ibrahim (1984), Tafsir al-Qumī, Qom: Dar al-Kitab.
Qomi Mashhadi, Muhammad ibn Muhammad Reza (1989), Kanz al-Daqā’iq wa Bahr al-Gharā’ib, Tehran: Ministry of Islamic Culture and Guidance.
Kāshefī, Hussein Ibn Ali (nd), The Commentary of Hosseini, Saravan: Noor Bookstore.
Majlisī, Muhammad Bāqir bin Muhammad Taqī (nd), Bihār Al-Anwār, Beirut: Dar 'Ihyā’ Al-Turāth Al-Arabi.
Mostafavi, Hassan (1981), Research in the Words of the Holy Qur’an, Tehran: Book Translation and Publishing Company.
Ma'rifat, Muhammad Hadi (2007), Qur’anic Sciences, Qom: Al-Tamheed Publishing Cultural Institute.
Makarem Shirazi, Nasser (1992), The Commentary of Nemooneh, Tehran: Islamic Bookstore.
Software
Jāmi' al-Tafāsīr, Noor Company.
Qāmūs, Noor Company.
Mishkāt al-Anwār.
Al-Maktabat al-Shāmila.
Quran and Religious Enlightenment
Volume 2, Issue 2 - Serial Number 4
February 2022
Pages 103-119

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 23 January 2022
  • Revise Date: 26 February 2022
  • Accept Date: 16 February 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics