تحلیل انتقادی تأویل گروی فخر رازی در آیات وسع: تبیین کلامی

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد فلسفه اسلامی دانشگاه تهران، ایران.

2 دانش آموخته مقطع دکتری علوم قرآن و حدیث دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات ، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

رازی را نمی­توان از مفسرانی دانست که اغلب از نص و معنای ظاهری آیات قرآنی فرا می­گذرند و متمایل به تاویل هستند. او در خصوص آیات پنج گانه وسع که به محدود بودن تکالیف در حد وسع دلالت صریح دارند خود را ناگزیر از تاویل می­بیند. موضع نادر وی عوامل و دلایلی دارد. وی پنج دلیل می­آورد و آن­ها را حکم قطعی بر تحقق تکلیف فراتر از وسع می­داند.  بررسی عامل گرایش وی به تاویل در این آیات، مساله تحقیق حاضر است. فرضیه تحقیق مبنای کلامی رازی در تفسیر انتساب فعل انسان است. تفسیری که بر اساس آن هرگونه مبدء درونی فعل در انسان انکار می شود و تنها به حالتی نزد شخص به هنگام فعل«کسب» بسنده می­شود. این مبنای معرفتی رازی خود دارای عوامل است. یکی از این عوامل تفسیر قدرت الهی است.

تازه های تحقیق

Conclusion

Razi's tendency to paraphrase capacity verses is strange in his method of interpretation. This needs to be explained. He gives reasons for paraphrasing these verses.

Research in the factors of his paraphrasing tendency shows that Razi, based on a fundamental image of God, tends to take an Ash'arite position in paraphrasing the issuance of action from human beings.

He substitutes acquisition for the philosophical concept of power His basic image of God is not imaginary. Rather, it is a powerful idea that does not disappear when confronted with the capacity verses. Therefore, Fakhr Razi is forced to paraphrase the verses.

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