Critique of the Fallibility of the Prophet (PBUH) in the Holy Qur’an

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of Qur’an and Hadith Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Muslims are consensus on the principles of Islamic beliefs (‘usūl), though wide differences have appeared among them on the secondary beliefs (furūāt), including the infallibility (‘isma) of the prophets, especially the holy Prophet of Islam (PBUH). Some believe in the fallibility of the prophets and hence the holy Prophet of Islam, referring to some verses of the Holy Qur’an. They argue that although the prophet’s infallibility can be proved by rational reasons, rather than the words from God Almighty, as he himself took them from Him, if there are verses indicating the fallibility, then such infallibility shall be criticized and refuted through such verses. In this article, based on the analytical-citation method, different opinions on the holy Prophet’s (PBUH) immune from sin and their evidences are mentioned. In addition, the verses argued by the critics of the infallibility of the Prophet are mentioned. An investigation of the interpretations of these verses show that they not only do not indicate to this claim, but also prove the infallibility of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) at the highest level.
 

Highlights

CONCLUSION

According to the study conducted in the seven verses which have been argued to prove the non-infallibility of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), it becomes clear that none of them even mentions his sinfulness, but they are contrary to the above-mentioned claim based on the above-mentioned evidences, proofs and reasons. Because God Almighty says in these seven verses that God guided his servant who, like his people, was in neglect and ignorant of the divine sciences, and since then, the Great Prophet (PBUH) has been so fearless against the infidels and the enemies, and he performed jihad in the way of the Almighty God, so that the consequences of his trying might harm him, and the Almighty God, by making the Holy Prophet and the Muslims victorious, eliminated these consequences and heavy burden and hardships.

Therefore, it is not possible to deduce from the verses of the Holy Qur'an that the Messenger of God (PBUH) was a sinner, while many verses show the infallibility of that Prophet and can be a proof and analogy for the ruling of reason on the infallibility of all Prophets, especially Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), which requires another opportunity to be examined..

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

نقد نظریه عدم عصمت پیامبر اکرم (ص) از گناه در قرآن کریم

Author [Persian]

  • فهیمه کلباسی
. استادیار علوم قرآن و حدیث، دانشگاه پیام ‌نور، تهران، ایران.
Abstract [Persian]

مسلمانان در اصول عقاید اسلامی، وحدت نظر دارند، ولی در میان ایشان اختلاف­ های گسترده ­ای در عقاید فرعی­ پدید آمده است که از جمله آنها اختلاف­ ها در عصمت پیامبران و از جمله اختلاف نظر در عصمت رسول اعظم اسلام از گناه و گستره آن است. گروهی به عدم عصمت انبیا و پیامبر گرامی اسلام باور دارند و برای این باور به آیاتی از قرآن کریم استدلال می­ کنند، زیرا اگرچه عصمت پیامبر از گناه، باید با دلایل عقلی ثابت شود، نه با سخنانی که آورنده آن از سوی خدای متعال، خود اوست، ولی در صورت اثبات وجود آیاتی که دال بر عدم عصمت باشد، چنین عصمتی زیر سؤال می ­رود و می ­توان وجود آن را با استدلال به این آیات رد کرد. در این مقاله با روش استنادی - تحلیلی نظرهای مختلف، درباره عصمت پیامبر اعظم از گناه و دلایل باورمندان به آنها، همچنین آیاتی که ادعا شده، از آنها عدم عصمت پیامبر اسلام از گناه برداشت می ­شود، ذکر شده و با بررسی تفاسیر ارائه شده از آنان، ثابت می­ شود که این آیات، نه تنها بیان­گر ادعای مذکور نیستند، بلکه نشان دهنده عصمت پیامبر اکرم از گناه، در بالاترین سطح هستند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • کلام
  • عقاید اسلامی
  • نبوت
  • عصمت از گناه
  • عصمت از کفر
  • تفسیر
  • آیات قرآن کریم
  • رسول خدا

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Quran and Religious Enlightenment
Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
October 2021
Pages 61-71

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History

  • Receive Date: 13 April 2020
  • Revise Date: 15 July 2021
  • Accept Date: 27 May 2021

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