A Comparative Study of Human Creation from the Perspective of the Holy Qur’an and Science and Criticizing the Misconceptions

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 The coach, Department of Qur’an and Hadith Sciences, PayameNoor University of Yasouj, Iran.

2 Assistant professor in the field of Quranic Sciences and Hadith, Payam-E-Noor University (PNU), Kashan branch

3 Assistant professor in the field of Quranic Sciences and Hadith, Payam-E-Noor University (PNU), Aran and Bidgol branch

Abstract

Raising issues thereby man is guided to the Right Path, the Holy Qur’an refers to scientific issues. One of the most important axes in the Qur’an is the origin and creation of man. The quality of his creation and the origin of his life are discussed fluently in 76 verses of 41 Surahs. With the growth of embryology in the twentieth century, some have sought to adapt such verses to it to clarify the truths of the Qur’an to the audience, while others have challenged such verses and raised misconceptions such as inconsistency of embryonic stages in the Qur’an with the embryology, semen coming out of the spine and ribs (solb and tarā’ib), devaluating semen, the creation of the fetus from the male sperm and not paying attention to the role of the female sperm, determining the time of the fetus sex, descripting sperm as amshāj, the difference of ‘alaq without “tā” and with “tā”, the difference between the adding letters of “thumma”, “fā”, and so on. As a result, the confirmation of embryological knowledge by the valuable Qur’anic teachings in the study of human creation is proved. Also the mentioned misconceptions have basic problems, for the issues referred in the Qur’an are consistent with the findings of modern science, as well as, there are reasonable answers to all these doubts and differences.

Highlights

CONCLUSION

The Holy Qur’an divides the stages of fetal growth and development with a clear and simple expression and with a unique style. When we examine the verses of creation in general, the amazing miracle of this heavenly book is revealed; because each of the stages of human creation has been scientifically revealed and proven to everyone.

What is important in these verses is that the Qur'an refers to the stages of fetal development in order to pay attention to the power of God, when medical scientific instruments did not have the power to show these stages, and the Qur'an, without going into details, like the book of guidance, reminds man of these amazing facts.

In the verses of the Qur'an, the creation of man has been considered from two perspectives: one is the material dimension and the other is the spiritual dimension.

The material dimension considers the source of human creation as soil or mud, and the spiritual dimension states that God, after completing the material creation, creates another creation in man, which is the blowing of the divine spirit. The doubts raised are solely due to the fundamental differences between Suha as a materialist who opposed to the religion and denies God, Islam, Qur'an and the monotheistic school. Otherwise, none of the doubts have any scientific basis, and it is merely a contradiction that is against the Qur’an, the prophet (PBUH) and all divine religions. Also, the difference in expressing the stages of creation is different because of God's purpose. In some cases, mentioning the steps is intended and in some verses it only refers to the origin of human creation.

For example, the word "Mahīn" means "weak" in the verse: «سلاله من ماء مهین» meaning a summary of weak fluid and corresponds to what is said in embryology about the characteristics of male sperm and female egg. "Māʿ dāfiq" means moving water and refers to the sperm of both men and women. The term "mingled sperm" refers to the role of both male and female sperm in fetal formation. The verse: "«یخرج من الصلب و الترائب refers to the stage of human birth, not to the exit of semen from the spine and ribs and is an allusion to the whole human body and is in harmony with embryology and refers to the common role of men and women in human formation. The difference between ʻAlaq with "ah" and without "ah" indicates the plural form of Insān. The difference between the letters "Fāʿ" and "Thumma" refers to the amazing creation of clot from sperm, and....

Therefore, the result of this study is the confirmation of embryological knowledge on the valuable Qur'anic teachings in the study of human creation and between the achievements of modern medical sciences and embryological verses, there is no conceptual incompatibility. So as science progresses, new interpretations of the scientific truths referred to in the Qur'an will be emerged, and perhaps in the future, after obtaining accurate tools, more truths can be obtained and commentators be able to better understand the verses differently by getting more help from scientific findings.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

بررسی تطبیقی شکل‌گیری خلقت انسان از منظر قرآن کریم، علم و نقد شبهات آن

Authors [Persian]

  • کیانوش نریمان 1
  • سیدمصطفی مناقب 2
  • رحمت الله عبدالله زاده آرانی 3
1 مربی علوم قرآن و حدیث، دانشگاه پیام‌نور یاسوج، ایران.
2 . استادیار علوم قرآن و حدیث، دانشگاه پیام نور کاشان، اصفهان، ایران.
3 استاد یار علوم قرآن و حدیث. دانشگاه پیام نور آران و بیدگل
Abstract [Persian]

قرآن کریم در قالب طرح مباحثی که انسان را در مسیر هدایت قرار می‌دهد به بعضی از مسائل علمی اشاره می‌کند. یکی از محورهای مهم و مورد توجه در آیات قرآن، موضوع پیدایش و مراحل خلقت انسان  است که در 76 آیه از 41 سوره قرآن با بیانی شیوا به کیفیت خلقت انسان پرداخته شده و به‌عنوان نقطۀ آغاز زندگی انسان مطرح گردیده است. با رشد علم جنین‌شناسی در قرن بیستم، برخی درصدد تطبیق این‌گونه آیات با علم جنین‌شناسی برآمده‌اند تا حقایق قرآن بر مخاطبین روشن شود و برخی دیگر این‌گونه آیات را به چالش کشیده‌اند و شبهات و موارد اختلافی ازجمله: عدم هماهنگی مراحل جنین در قرآن با علم جنین‌شناسی، خروج منی از بین ستون فقرات و دنده‌ها(صلب و ترائب)، پست‌انگاری آب منی، آفرینش جنین از نطفه مرد و عدم توجه به نقش نطفه زن، تعیین زمان جنس جنین، نطفه با صفت امشاج، تفاوت علق بدون «تاء» و با «تاء»، اختلاف بین حرف عطف «ثم» و «فاء» و... را مطرح کرده‌اند. حاصل این پژوهش، تأیید دانش جنین‌شناسی بر آموزه‌های ارزشمند قرآنی در بررسی خلقت انسان است و اینکه شبهات ذکرشده اشکال مبنایی دارند و مطالب مطرح‌شده در قرآن با یافته‌های علوم جدید سازگار هستند و برای همه این شبهات و موارد اختلافی پاسخی مستدل وجود دارد. این تحقیق به روش توصیفی - تحلیلی و با گرایش انتقادی به انجام رسیده است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • قرآن
  • خلقت انسان
  • علم
  • نقد شبهات

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Quran and Religious Enlightenment
Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
October 2021
Pages 153-173

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History

  • Receive Date: 09 April 2020
  • Revise Date: 15 July 2020
  • Accept Date: 27 May 2021

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