Examination and Analysis of the Reasons for Rejecting the Popular Claim Regarding the Position and Order of Revelation of Surah al-Qalam

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 استادیار گروه علوم قرآن و حدیث، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم قرآن و حدیث، دانشکده الهیات، دانشگاه میبد، میبد، ایران

Abstract

Dating or arranging the surahs according to their order of revelation has long been considered, at least to the extent of identifying them as Meccan or Medinan. However, it has not received much attention in traditional Tafsir (exegesis). Today, descending (Tanzīlī) exegesis, relying on methods other than the customary reliance on narrations of the order of revelation, has attracted the attention of Quranic researchers to facilitate a better understanding of the Quran. Accordingly, the present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, aims to investigate the date of revelation of Surah al-Qalam, considered the second revealed surah according to narrations of the order of revelation.  This will be done by examining the surah's content and style, comparing it to the stages of Quranic revelation in terms of the arrangement of the Prophet's call, and referencing historical documents and the Prophet's biography (Sīrah). The findings indicated that this surah depicts an atmosphere of a period of revelation that is incompatible with the early period of the Prophet's mission and his cautious call, and its position as the second revealed surah. Therefore, considering the content analysis and stylistic features of the surah, as well as supporting historical evidence regarding the use of various methods by opponents to express their opposition and hostility towards the Prophet, and comparing these with the verses revealed in surahs al-Shuʻarāʼ and al-Aʻrāf onwards, and based on a comparison that shows historical similarities between surah al-Qalam and Surahs Yāsīn, al-Furqān, and al-Isrāʼ, it seems that the approximate date of revelation of this surah is during the second phase of the Prophet's mission, after the cautious call and after surahs al-Anʻām and al-Ṣāffāt, but very close to them

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Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

بررسی و تحلیل دلایل عدم پذیرش قول مشهور در تعیین جایگاه و ترتیب نزول سوره قلم

Authors [Persian]

  • محبوبه موسائی پور 1
  • قاسم صادق پور 2
1 Department of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD student of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran
Abstract [Persian]

تاریخ‌گذاری یا توجه به چینش سوره‌ها به ترتیب نزول، از دیرزمان، در حدّ مکی و مدنی بودن مورد توجه بوده است اما در تفسیر، چندان مورد اعتنا قرار نمی‌گرفت؛ امروزه تفسیر تنزیلی با استناد به روش‌هایی به جز شیوه مرسوم تکیه بر روایات ترتیب نزول، توجه قرآن‌پژوهان را جهت آسان‌تر کردن فهم قرآن جلب نموده است.
بر همین اساس، پژوهش حاضرکوشیده تا با اتخاذ روش توصیفی تحلیلی، تاریخ ‌نزول سوره قلم را طبق روایات ترتیب نزول و به عنوان دومین سوره نازل شده؛ براساس محتوا و سبک بیانی سوره و تطبیق آن با مراحل نزول قرآن به لحاظ چیدمان دعوت پیامبر و مستندات تاریخی و سیره عصر نبوی مورد کنکاش قرار دهد. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد؛ این سوره، فضایی از دوران نزول را ترسیم می‌کند که نمی‌تواند با دوره آغاز بعثت پیامبر و دعوت محتاطانه ایشان و دومیبن سوره نازله سازگار باشد. بنابراین، با لحاظ تحلیل محتوایی و سبک بیانی سوره و نیز تایید مستندات تاریخی مبنی بر کاربست روش‌های متعدد اعلام مخالفت و دشمنی مخالفین با حضرت و تطبیق آنها بر آیات نازل شده در سور ص و اعراف به بعد و نیز براساس تطبیقی که حکایت از وجود مشابهات تاریخی سوره قلم با سور یس، فرقان و اسراء دارد، به نظر می‌رسد تاریخ نزول تقریبی این سوره، در دور دوم بعثت یعنی بعد از دعوت محتاطانه پیامبر و بعد از سور انعام و صافات اما بسیار نزدیک به آنها باشد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • سوره قلم
  • ترتیب نزول
  • محتوا و سبک بیانی قرآن
  • تاریخ

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Articles
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Gheybi, A; Asghari, F. (2020 AD/1400 SH). "Rhetorical Analysis of Surah al-Qalam Based on Michel Foucault's Discourse Stylistics Model." Stylistic Studies of the Holy Quran. Vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 9-30.
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Quran and Religious Enlightenment
Volume 5, Issue 2 - Serial Number 10
January 2025
Pages 155-172

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History

  • Receive Date: 01 October 2024
  • Revise Date: 27 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 12 December 2024

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