A New Perspective on the Meaning of the Phrase "Mā Taqaddama wa mā Taʼakhkhara" in the Second Verse of Surah al-Fatḥ

Document Type : The scientific research paper

Authors

1 هییت علمی دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

2 دانشیاردانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

3 دانش آموخته دکتری قرآن و حدیث

Abstract

Translating the Quran is an extraordinarily sensitive and challenging task due to its miraculous eloquence, its position within religious texts, and its deep connection to the beliefs of Muslims. Furthermore, the complexity of certain verses and the inconsistency between their superficial translations and the definitive principles of Islam add further difficulty to this process. The second verse of Surah al-Fatḥ is one of these verses, which, due to its connection to the impeccability of the Prophet (PBUH) and the consensus of Muslims on this matter, requires greater attention and examination. The phrase "Mā Taqaddama wa mā Taʼakhkhara" in this verse has traditionally been translated by most Quran translators as referring to the past and the future, suggesting that Allah forgives the Prophet's past and future sins. While the forgiveness of past sins is understandable and reasonable, the forgiveness of future sins appears unacceptable. This study aims to resolve this issue by exploring an accurate and precise translation of this phrase through the theories of commentators and hadiths, employing a descriptive-analytical method.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

نگرشی نو بر معنای عبارت «مَا تَقَدَّمَ وَ مَا تَأخَّرَ» در آیه دوم سوره فتح

Authors [Persian]

  • کریم علی محمدی 1
  • سیفعلی زاهدی فر 2
  • سیدمجید نبوی 3
1 Faculty of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan
2 Associate Professor, Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan
3 PhD student in Quran and Hadith
Abstract [Persian]

ترجمه ‌قرآن به سبب بلاغت اعجازآمیز آن و به دلیل قرار گرفتن در مجموعه متون دینی و ارتباط عمیق آن با اعتقاد مسلمانان از حساسیت و دشواری فوق‌العاده‌ای برخوردار است. اضافه برآن پیچیدگی متن برخی از آیات و عدم سازگاری ترجمه سطحی و ظاهری آن با اصول و محکمات قطعی اسلامی بر دشواری این کار افزوده ‌است. آیه دوم سوره فتح از جمله این آیات است که به سبب ارتباط با عصمت پیامبر (ص) و اجماع مسلمانان در این زمینه نیاز به دقت و بررسی فزون‌تری دارد. عبارت «ما تقدم و ما تاخر» در آیه شریفه از نظر اکثر مترجمان قرآن به گذشته و آینده ترجمه شده ‌است و مضمون آیه را اینگونه ترجمه کرده‌اند که خداوند گناهان گذشته و آینده پیامبر(ص) را مورد آمرزش قرار می‌دهد. آمرزش گناهان گذشته امری مقبول و معقول است اما آمرزش گناهان آینده، امری ناپذیرفتنی می‌نماید. پژوهش حاضر به روش توصیفی و تحلیلی درصدد است برای حل این مشکل، ترجمه صحیح و دقیق این عبارت را با استفاده از نظریات مفسران و روایات واکاوی کند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • عصمت پیامبر(ص)
  • معناشناسی –
  • سوره فتح
  • مَا تَقَدَّمَ
  • مَا تَأخَّرَ

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History

  • Receive Date: 18 October 2023
  • Revise Date: 04 January 2025
  • Accept Date: 06 January 2025

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