Kazem Ostadi
Abstract
Ijtihad from the Qur'an and Hadith can have two approaches: One: The conditions that individuals need to reach the stage and power of ijtihad. Two: the conditions that mujtahids face for ijtihad in a religious context; that is, the existence or non-existence is the ground of the possibility of definitive ...
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Ijtihad from the Qur'an and Hadith can have two approaches: One: The conditions that individuals need to reach the stage and power of ijtihad. Two: the conditions that mujtahids face for ijtihad in a religious context; that is, the existence or non-existence is the ground of the possibility of definitive ijtihad from the religious text. A healthy and acceptable ijtihad must fully meet the requirements of both approaches; and disruption in any of these circumstances can overshadow the certainty of religious ijtihad. The current interpretation of the propositions of the Qur'an and Hadith relies heavily on the ijtihad of lexicographers two centuries after the life of the Prophet. Thus, in spite of this historical rupture of the word and the absence of numerous all-contemporary dictionaries of the Prophet, there is no requirement that the lexical ijtihad of two centuries after the Prophet, as we now use it, be one with the spiritual reality of the language of early Islam. Therefore, even if the mujtahids of religious texts are correct in their personal ijtihad, because the conditions for interpreting the text are not available. The current interpretation of the text and propositions of the Qur'an and their hadith is basically uncertain; and at most, it is suspicious.
Majid Maaref; Mohammad Ba'azm
Abstract
The Qur’anic and Hadith materials of medicine are crude propositions that without their systematization cannot be entitled as the science of “Islamic medicine”. Looking into the general position of medicine in the Qur’an, this article draws a thematic outline of medicine in the ...
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The Qur’anic and Hadith materials of medicine are crude propositions that without their systematization cannot be entitled as the science of “Islamic medicine”. Looking into the general position of medicine in the Qur’an, this article draws a thematic outline of medicine in the narrations through thematic classification. After identifying the materials, a process should be done in seven steps to reach the title of the Islamic medicine. According to these steps, after ensuring the authenticity of the hadiths, it is necessary to make sure that the narrations were recorded correctly by the authors of the narrative books. Then, through examining possible harms inflicted on the narrations, being in three stages of issuing, quoting, and understanding, it will be possible to know that the narrations have been protected or are amendable. Afterwards, we need to provide a proper translation, identify similar and conflicting hadiths, investigate the connected and separate evidence, and gather the opinions of scholars and commentators to have a fair understanding of hadiths. In the final step, the interdisciplinary interaction between the experts in the two fields of hadith and medicine should be established in a mutual, step-by-step and joint way.
